The process of melanin synthesis and distribution is called melanogenesis, a process that is based on melanocytes present among the basal cells of the epidermis. Pigments formed in melanocyte melanosomes are then stored in the basal layer of epidermal cells, as well as in dermal macrophages, which become melanophores.

Melanins are produced by specific cells called melanocytes. Not only is the type of melanin produced important, but also its eventual distribution in the tissue dramatically affects visible color, which ultimately determines the functions of the pigment, …

2024年3月6日 · Melanin synthesis involves the successful coordination of metabolic pathways across multiple intracellular compartments including the melanosome, mitochondria, ER/Golgi, and cytoplasm. While pigment production offers a communal protection from UV damage, the process also requires anabolic and redox demands that must be carefully managed by ...

2021年2月9日 · In this perspective, we will discuss the synthesis of melanin materials with a special focus beyond polydopamine. We will emphasize efforts to elucidate biosynthetic pathways and structural characterization approaches that can be harnessed to interrogate specific structure–function relationships, including electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR ...

2019年2月26日 · Melanin is synthesised in cytoplasmic organelles called melanosomes, which reside in skin cells and hair follicles called melanocytes. This process is known as melanogenesis.

2016年6月30日 · Biosynthesis of melanins takes place in melanosomes, which are specialized cytoplasmic organelles of melanocytes - dendritic cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis, uveal tract of the eye, hair follicles, as well as in the inner ear, central nervous system and heart.

2020年2月24日 · Melanin synthesis takes place in vesicles known as melanosomes. Collectively, the fungi encode at least three pathways for the synthesis of melanin, with DOPA- and 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-derived melanins being the most common.

2023年5月1日 · In its various forms, melanin fulfills a variety of biological functions, including skin and hair pigmentation and photoprotection of the skin and eye. Pigmentation of the skin results from the accumulation of melanin-containing melanosomes in the basal layer of the epidermis.

Melanogenesis, or the procedures involved in the synthesis of melanin, is under complex genetically controlled (see below) regulation. The most important positive regulator is the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) with its ligands melanocortic peptides. MC1R activates the cyclic AMP (cAMP) response-element binding protein (CREB).

Following is a synopsis of critical findings that have led to our current understanding of the biochemical pathways and melanogenic factors involved in melanin synthesis. The key enzyme involved in the synthesis of all types of melanins from the initial precursor tyrosine is …