The kynurenine pathway is a metabolic pathway leading to the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +). [1] Metabolites involved in the kynurenine pathway include tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, quinolinic acid, and 3-hydroxykynurenine. [2][3] The kynurenine pathway is responsible for about 95% of total ...

We predict that more detailed information on these alternative processes involving the gut microbiome will be essential to understand fully the dynamics of cerebral tryptophan metabolism and, in particular, the balance between quinolinic acid …

It is the primary route for tryptophan catabolism in the liver and the starting point for the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in mammals. Dysregulation or overactivation of this pathway can lead to immune system activation and accumulation of potentially neurotoxic compounds.

The kynurenine metabolic pathway is the sole de novo NAD + biosynthetic pathway, generating NAD + from ingested tryptophan. Altered kynurenine pathway activity is associated with both aging and a variety of age-associated diseases.

2019年4月12日 · KYN can be metabolized into kynurenic acid (KYNA), which is usually considered to be neuroprotective, by the KAT isozymes. Alternatively, it may be converted into anthranilic acid by...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA or KYN) is a product of the normal metabolism of amino acid L - tryptophan. It has been shown that kynurenic acid possesses neuroactive activity. It acts as an antiexcitotoxic and anticonvulsant, most likely through acting as an antagonist at …

2011年1月13日 · The kynurenine pathway (KP), the primary route of tryptophan degradation in mammalian cells, consists of many metabolites including kynurenic acid (KYNA), quinolinic acid (QUIN), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) and picolinic acid (PIC).

2018年1月9日 · Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a product of one branch of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism. The influence of KYNA on important neurophysiological and neuropathological processes has been comprehensively documented.

Kynurenic acid is a neuroprotective, endogenous tryptophan metabolite produced by astrocytes via the kynurenine pathway (Fig. 2). Kynurenic acid is appreciated to inhibit all three classes of ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptors as a broad-spectrum competitive antagonist.

The kynurenine pathway, which connects quinolinic acid to tryptophan. The pathway is named for the first intermediate, kynurenine, which is a precursor to kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine.