2023年6月3日 · Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is characterized by typical or atypical anginal chest pain with no evidence of significant coronary vascular abnormalities visualized on angiogram. It is viewed as a type of ischemic heart disease with occurrence most prevalent in perimenopausal and postmenopausal females.

2025年1月21日 · Healthcare providers used to call microvascular angina by another name: cardiac syndrome X. What are the signs of microvascular angina? Microvascular angina feels like heaviness, tightness, pressure or squeezing in your chest.

Microvascular angina (MVA), previously known as cardiac syndrome X, [1] also known as coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) or microvascular coronary disease is a type of angina (chest pain) with signs associated with decreased blood flow to heart tissue but with normal coronary arteries.

Cardiac syndrome X constitutes a significant subset of patients undergoing coronary angiography. It is essential to identify and treat them specifically for microvascular angina. Many of them have atherosclerotic risk factors but their presentation is different from those with …

Cardiac syndrome X has been largely replaced by MVA, and it is diagnosed when the pathogenesis is unkown (ie, without epicardial artery stenosis or abnormal flow reserve). Cardiac syndrome X is...

Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is anginal chest pain with coronary artery disease involving the smallest arteries, but with normal large coronary arteries. Because of this, it is sometimes referred to as “microvascular angina”.

Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX), a condition characterized by angina-like chest discomfort, ST segment depression during exercise, and normal coronary epicardial arteries at angiography, has the highest prevalence in post-menopausal women.

2023年11月19日 · What is cardiac syndrome X? How common is cardiac syndrome X? What are the symptoms of microvascular angina? How is microvascular angina diagnosed? Tests for microvascular angina; How to treat microvascular angina; What can I do to help myself? Is microvascular angina serious?

Microvascular angina (sometimes called cardiac syndrome X) is an under-diagnosed condition caused by problems with the smallest arteries of the heart. Juan Carlos Kaski, Professor of Cardiovascular Science, explains to Sarah Brealey.

Cardiac syndrome X is a heart condition associated with microvessel dysfunction and increased sensitivity to cardiac pain. Individuals with cardiac syndrome X often experience chest discomfort that feels like a heart attack even though they have normal coronary artery and heart function.