2024年12月23日 · Anterior mediastinal masses can be caused by neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathology. These masses arise in the anterior mediastinum, that portion of the mediastinum anterior to the pericardium and below the level of the clavicles. The prevalence of anterior mediastinal masses on CT is estimated at 0.4-0.9% 4.

Mediastinal tumors include thymomas, lymphomas, germ cell tumors and cysts, among others. They’re masses of cells that appear in the space between your lungs, called the mediastinum. These tumors may be malignant (cancerous), but they’re usually benign (noncancerous).

2024年4月19日 · Less common causes of anterior mediastinal masses are thyroid and other endocrine tumors (15%), benign teratoma (10%), malignant GCTs (10% with seminomas about 4% and NSGCT about 7%), and benign thymic lesions (5%). When evaluating the epidemiology of anterior mediastinal masses, patient age and sex are the most important determinants.

If an anterior mediastinal mass looks like lymphoma, the biopsy approach is mediastinoscopy (if nodes look involved) or anterior mediastinotomy if there is an anterior mediastinal mass and if the nodes look normal.

2014年7月23日 · Radiography reveals a usually large, soft, and pliable anterior mediastinal mass that often conforms to the borders of the heart and mimics cardiomegaly or diaphragmatic elevation. On CT, fat constitutes 50−85% of this well-defined, encapsulated mass.

2024年9月17日 · Overall, around two-thirds of mediastinal tumors are benign, with one-third being malignant. However, among anterior tumors, which are the most common type, about 59% are malignant.

Anterior mediastinal masses are relatively uncommon, include a wide variety of entities, and often pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. In this article, available data is assembled in a clinically oriented manner to develop a structured approach to evaluation of these patients.

Mediastinal masses are divided into those that occur in the anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinum. The anterior mediastinum extends from the sternum to the pericardium in the inferior region and from the sternum to the brachiocephalic vessels in the superior region.

Anterior mediastinal tumors include: Germ cell tumors (neoplasms) - benign in about two-thirds of cases. Lymphoma including Hodgkin's and non -Hodgkin's disease.

2024年7月17日 · Benign or malignant mediastinal masses can develop from structures that are normally located in the mediastinum or that pass through the mediastinum during development, as well as from metastases of malignancies that arise elsewhere in the body.