2005年4月1日 · There are two steps to a good optic disc exam, the glaucoma experts agree. The first step is examination of the optic nerve and nerve fiber layer. The second step is documentation of the appearance of the nerve with a baseline photo.

Optic Disc Edema. The optic disc is elevated and its surface is covered by cotton wool spots (damaged axons) and flame hemorrhages (damaged vessels). Four I's: increased intracranial pressure (papilledema), infarction, inflammation, infiltration (by cancer).

2023年2月2日 · Learn how optometrists can identify, diagnose, and treat optic disc abnormalities. Download the cheat sheet with clinical photographs and disease breakdowns.

2020年5月7日 · Once you identify the optic disc assess its characteristics including the contour, colour and the cup (“3Cs”): Contour: the borders of the optic disc should be clear and well defined. If the borders appear blurred it may suggest the presence of optic disc swelling (papilloedema) secondary to raised intracranial pressure. Colour: a healthy ...

2017年5月17日 · There is a really useful tool called the Disc Damage Likelihood Scale developed by Dr George Spaeth, which you can look up which equates disc size and NRR changes, which is really how we have to think about the optic nerve head.

2020年7月15日 · Clinicians must take a systematic approach to optic disc evaluation, carefully assessing the margins, color of the neuroretinal rim, cup-to-disc ratio and overall size of the nerve. This case-based review provides photos and clinical pearls to help you enhance your assessment of optic disc abnormalities.

Assessment of optic disc size is an important component of optic nerve head examination, as optic disc parameters such as neuroretinal rim area and cup-disc ratio vary with the disc size.

The optic nerve head or disk is seen when one looks through the pupil from an angle about 15 degrees temporal to the optical axis (the patient's line of sight, "straight ahead"). The disk is a yellow-pink color that stands out from the redder, browner, or more orange retina proper (see Figure 117.4D ).

In the examination of the ONH, the size and shape of the optic disc should be correctly evaluated, as should: The main techniques for clinical examination of the ONH include direct ophthalmoscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy with a contact lens or non-contact handheld lens (+66, +78, +90 diopter [D]) or a Hruby lens.

To review and interpret optic nerve head (ONH) anatomy detected with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) pertaining to the clinical examination of the optic disc and propose that a paradigm change for clinical assessment of the ONH ...