2018年9月1日 · Anaerobic infections are common infections caused by anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria occur naturally and are the most common flora in the body. In their natural...

2023年4月24日 · Common sites of anaerobic infections include oral, abdominal, and pelvic cavities; however, anaerobes can cause infections of other regions such as the head, neck, and skin. Clinically significant anaerobes associated with human infections are as follows: Gram-Positive, Spore-forming Bacilli.

Anaerobic infections are caused by anaerobic bacteria. Obligately anaerobic bacteria do not grow on solid media in room air (0.04% carbon dioxide and 21% oxygen); facultatively anaerobic bacteria can grow in the presence or absence of air.

Anaerobic infections are typically suppurative, causing abscess formation and tissue necrosis and sometimes septic thrombophlebitis, gas formation, or both. Many anaerobes produce tissue-destructive enzymes, as well as some of the most potent paralytic toxins known (eg, C. botulinum and C. tetani neurotoxins).

Anaerobic infections range from local abscesses to life-threatening infections. In most cases, our own normal flora (i.e., endogenous origin) are involved, but in some cases, exogenous sources play a role.

Anaerobic bacteria are part of the normal flora of human skin and mucosal membranes. The site of anaerobic infection is commonly the site of normal colonization. The spectrum of infections ranges from local abscesses to life-threatening infections. …

Anaerobic infections tend to be polymicrobial and abscesses are common. Pus and infected tissue often are malodorous. Septic thrombophlebitis and metastatic infection can occur; the latter may require incision and drainage.

Anaerobic bacteria (anaerobes) make up a large part of the normal resident flora on mucous membranes, especially in the mouth, lower gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. These anaerobes can cause disease when mucous membranes are disrupted. Anaerobes from outside the body sometimes cause disease when they enter breaks in the skin or are consumed.

Anaerobes are potentially pathogenic when displaced from normal environments (human colon, soil) and implanted in dead or dying tissue; abscesses, pneumonias, and oral and pelvic infections result. Anaerobic conditions are required for sample collection, culturing, and identification.

Distinguishing characteristics of anaerobic infections include suppuration, abscess formation, tissue destruction, foul odor, and occasionally, formation of gas. The pathogenesis of anaerobic infections reflects a complex interaction among bacterial virulence factors, host defense mechanisms, and synergy with other organisms.