2020年8月1日 · Adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are the enzymes that generate cAMP, and thus the key components of the cAMP signaling and regulation pathways. In this review we provide a brief general overview of the field, focusing on the recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the structure and function of the ACs as the key enzymes in cellular signaling.

Four families of membrane-bound adenylyl cyclase are distinguishable: Ca 2+ /CaM-stimulated (AC1, AC3 and AC8), Ca 2+-inhibitable (AC5 and AC6), Ca 2+-insensitive (AC2, AC4 and AC7) forms and the forskolin-insensitive AC9.

2014年9月1日 · In the present review, we summarize how ACs are multiply regulated and the steps that are put in place to ensure discrimination in their signalling. This includes scaffolding of targets and modulators by the ACs and assembling of …

2023年12月28日 · Membrane adenylyl cyclases (ACs) are important players in signal transduction, operating at the intersection of multiple signaling pathways. Cryo-electron microscopy studies of mammalian AC9, AC8, and AC5 revealed the first structures of full-length mammalian ACs.

In D. melanogaster, five different genes have proven important for normal learning: dunce (a cAMP phosophodiesterase), rutabaga (an adenylate cyclase), amnesiac (a product similar to adenylate cyclase activating peptides), DCO (protein kinase A), and dCREB2 (a cAMP-response element binding protein). The products of many of these learning ...

2024年10月10日 · Explore the pivotal role of adenylyl cyclase in cellular signaling and its potential in therapeutic applications. Adenylyl cyclase is an enzyme involved in cellular signaling, converting ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP), a secondary messenger.

腺苷酸環化酶 （adenylate cyclase，adenyl cyclase，adenylyl cyclase，縮寫 AC）， EC 4.6.1.1，系統名稱為 ATP二磷酸裂解酶，是一種參與已知所有 細胞調控 的關鍵酶，位於 細胞膜 內側 [2]。 其催化以下反應： 這一反應通常需要鎂離子的參與。 腺苷酸環化酶在幾乎所有細胞中都發揮關鍵的 調控作用。 腺苷酸環化酶是一種多系性的酶：已知六種不同的類型，它們均催化相同的反應，但是基因家族是不相關的，沒有已知的序列或結構同源性。 [3] 最廣為人知的腺苷酸環 …

Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming). It catalyzes the following reaction: ATP = 3′,5′-cyclic AMP + diphosphate. It has key regulatory roles in essentially all cells. [2]

2018年6月1日 · Comparison of membrane-delimited pro- and eukaryotic adenylate cyclases suggests a receptor function of the membrane anchors. Class III adenylate cyclases (ACs) are widespread signaling proteins, which translate diverse intracellular and extracellular stimuli into a uniform intracellular signal.

Adenylyl cyclases (AC) catalyze the conversion of ATP to cAMP and pyrophosphate. There are nine different transmembrane AC isoforms activated by Gαs and each one has its own pattern of expression and regulation by calcium and other intracellular signals. In addition, there is a soluble adenylyl cyclase, which is independent of Gαs.