Histone H3 is one of the five main histones involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. [1][2] Featuring a main globular domain and a long N-terminal tail, H3 is involved with the structure of the nucleosomes of the 'beads on a string' structure.

Histone H3 is a core histone that, along with other histones, forms the nucleosome, which is a fundamental unit of chromatin. It plays a crucial role in gene transcription regulation and is subject to various post-translational modifications that influence chromatin structure and gene expression.

Variant histone H3.3 is deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes while active histone modifications show a promoter-proximal bias. Genes Dev. 19, 1761-1766. 10.1101/gad.347705 [ DOI ] [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]

Here, we provide an overview of H3.1 and H3.3 histone dynamics throughout the cell cycle, while highlighting some of the tools used to study their protein–protein interactions. We specifically discuss how histones are chaperoned, modified, and bound by various proteins at different stages of the cell cycle.

In this review, we describe the attributes of histone H3 mutants identified in cancer. H3 mutants were first identified in genes encoding H3.3, in pediatric high-grade glioma, and subsequently in chondrosarcomas and giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) in adolescents.

H3.3 is the most common non-centromeric variant of histone H3 that differs from the canonical H3 by just 4–5 aa. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of H3.3 in transcriptional regulation and the recent discoveries and molecular mechanisms of H3.3 mutations in human cancer.

Histones and their variants endow chromatin with unique properties and show a distinct distribution into the genome that is regulated by dedicated deposition machineries. The histone variants have important roles during early development, cell …

2023年4月12日 · Histone H3 variants constitute a perfect example of the intricate systems of histone supply, with various histone chaperones responsible for the correct deposition of H3 in either global (ASF1a,...

2023年11月2日 · Delaney, Weiss, and Almouzni review the importance of the dynamics of histone H3 variants and how mutations of these variants or perturbations in their dynamics can impact genome integrity and disease.

2020年11月7日 · Replicative histones (H3.1 and H3.2) and histone variants (H3.3 and CenH3 CENP-A) are de novo deposited onto DNA by their dedicated chaperones using two different nucleosome assembly pathways, DNA synthesis coupled (DSC) and DNA synthesis independent (DSI), respectively.