Seismic refraction is a geophysical principle governed by Snell's Law of refraction. The seismic refraction method utilizes the refraction of seismic waves by rock or soil layers to characterize the subsurface geologic conditions and geologic structure.

2024年4月18日 · The seismic-refraction method measures the time a seismic-energy pulse takes to travel from a source point to several receivers after being redirected by one or more subsurface interfaces. Depths to hydrogeologic contacts and types of geologic material can be estimated using data-based seismic-velocity discontinuities and magnitudes, respectively.

Seismic reflection and refraction is the principal seismic method by which the petroleum industry explores hydrocarbon-trapping structures in sedimentary basins. Its extension to deep crustal studies began in the 1960s, and since the late 1970s these methods have become the principal techniques for detailed studies of the deep crust.

There are two types of seismic surveys. Refraction ie 'critical refraction' which is useful for determining velocities of layers; Reflection, which is useful for determining layers and structure; In seismic surveys we can use geometry and travel time of waves to determine structure and velocity. Today we are going to focus on refraction surveys.

The seismic refraction method involves the analysis of the travel times of arrivals that travelled roughly parallel to the upper surface of a layer during their journey through the subsurface.

2024年12月5日 · Seismic methods are based on measurements of the time interval between initiation of a seismic (elastic) wave and its arrival at detectors. The seismic wave may be generated by an explosion, a dropped weight, a mechanical vibrator, a bubble of high-pressure air injected into water, or other sources.

The seismic refraction method • First major geophysical method applied to subsurface investigation of relatively deep oil-bearing geologic structures • No longer the primary method in oil exploration, but has found use for near-surface, high-resolution subsurface investigation

Refraction Seismic Method Uses travel times of refracted arrivals to derive: 1) Depths to velocity contrasts (“refractors”); 2) Shapes of refracting boundaries; 3) Seismic velocities.

This method helps us to determine the types of soil and the approximate depth of boundaries of strata or the bedrock. The method consists of inducing impact by striking a plate on the soil with a hammer or generating shock by exploding a small charge at or near the ground surface.

2019年1月18日 · The seismic refraction method is used to map geologic conditions including depth of bedrock, or the water table, stratigraphy, lithology, structure, and fractures or all of these. The calculated seismic wave velocity is related to mechanical material properties.