Drug addiction is a condition in which there is uncontrolled use of a substance with a harmful outcome. Drugs overstimulate the brain’s reward circuit, producing pleasure or euphoria. With repeated ...

The majority of dietary tryptophan (95%) is metabolized via the TrpKyn pathway (red arrows). A minor pathway that converts tryptamine into kynuramine is also included. Metabolites capable of crossing ...

Oxide nanoparticles, particularly iron oxide, ceria and silica nanoparticles, hold significant promise for biomedical applications owing to their unique magnetic, catalytic and porous properties ...

A global reference on drug markets, trends and policy developments, the World Drug Report offers a wealth of data and analysis and in 2024 comprises several elements tailored to different audiences.

Finally, the review dissects drugs that are related to the induction and resolution of VH (Table 2). Figure 1 Top-down processing of perception. The scheme depicts the visual (top) and somatosensory ...

Drug development describes the process of developing a new drug that effectively targets a specific weakness in a cell. This process involves specific pre-clinical development and testing ...

Feb. 4, 2025 — A new study shows how an anticancer drug triggers an 'outside in' signal that gets it sucked into a cancer cell. The work reveals a new signaling mechanism that could be exploited ...

Although gut microbiota and lipid metabolites have been suggested to be closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the interactions between gut microbiota, ...

Mental Health Medications: How Do They Work? There are several types of drugs available to treat mental illnesses. Some of the most commonly used are antidepressants, anti-anxiety drugs ...

Drug-resistant infections occur when pathogens change in ways that render antimicrobial drugs ineffective. As a result, the pathogens survive and continue to spread. When infections are treatable with ...