which control their activation 5. As if understanding this complex evolutionary puzzle were not already sufficiently challenging, we have learned recently that two types of adaptive immune system ...

"Who are you?" This question, in its many variations, is almost inevitable in school applications, job interviews or introspective moments. We spend years, perhaps our entire lives, unraveling the ...

The production of antibodies, essential for protecting our body against infections, is very well regulated through the action of a specific subtype of immune ... type of cell can be divided into ...

Lymphocytes, a type ... adaptive immune system primarily consists of T cells and B cells, each serving specific functions in defense mechanisms. During the 1950s and 1960s, a series of experiments ...

According to textbooks, cells of the adaptive immune system must be either B cells or T cells—they can’t be both, or anything in between. But proving once again that nature is full of surprises, ...