Quantum invariants and topological quantum field theory (TQFT) are fascinating areas of research that explore the connections between mathematics and physics, particularly in the study of three ...

Quantum field theory marries the ideas of other quantum theories to depict all particles as “excitations” that arise in underlying fields. The British physicist Paul Dirac started the ball ...

Topological insulators (TIs) are among the hottest topics in condensed matter physics today. They’re a bit strange: their surfaces conduct electricity, yet their interiors do not, instead acting as ...

"This effect is not observed in non-magnetic topological insulators." The quantum Hall effect (QHE) is a phenomenon that occurs in the presence of a strong magnetic field and low temperatures ...

“Several theory groups have speculated that analogues of these structures could emerge in quantized anomalous Hall systems, ...