"With evidence that quarks and gluons are entangled, this picture has changed. We have a much more complicated, dynamic system." ...

A new analysis of data from the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) reveals fresh evidence that collisions of even very small nuclei with large ones might create tiny ...

Nuclear and particle physics are fundamentally puzzled by the distribution of mass in protons. The three valence quarks that make up a proton's core contribute very little to the proton's mass.

Atomic nuclei, composed of protons and neutrons, hide quarks and gluons at their core. These latter particles, still challenging to study, have long eluded scientists. In the mid-20th century ...

Scientists have peered inside protons and discovered that quarks and gluons, their fundamental building blocks, experience quantum entanglement. Entangled particles are connected to each other ...

Inside the proton, quarks and gluons shift and morph their properties in ways that physicists are still struggling to understand. Rithya Kunnawalkam Elayavalli brings to the problem a perspective ...

Nuclear physics research is focused on understanding the matter composed of quarks and gluons, which makes up 99% of the mass of the universe. Most of this matter is found at the core of atoms, the ...

Scientists at the PHENIX experiment at RHIC have uncovered compelling evidence that even collisions involving small nuclei ...

These quarks and gluons bind under the influence of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). QCD is the theory of strong interaction of quarks and the role of color symmetry.

Scientists believe such a substance of free quarks and gluons, the building blocks of protons and neutrons, permeated the universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. RHIC's energetic ...

In quantum chromodynamics, the constituent quarks come in three “colors,” along with up and down “flavors.” Also shown are virtual quark-antiquark pairs and the gluons that bind the quarks ...