Protein synthesis is vital for life, translating genetic information from DNA to functional proteins through transcription ...

DNA transcription is the vital first step needed for switching on our genes. For a gene to be switched on, it must be acted ...

This active repressor can bind to a region near the promoter called an operator (yellow ... In multicellular organisms, nearly all cells have the same DNA, but different cell types express ...

Activator proteins bind to regulatory sites on DNA nearby to promoter regions that act as on/off switches. This binding facilitates RNA polymerase activity and transcription of nearby genes.

DNA sequences that regulate expression of the insulin gene are located within a region spanning ~400 bp that flank the transcription start site. This region, the insulin promoter, contains a ...

The transcription of a gene is controlled by a so-called promoter region, which is located directly before the start of the gene. More detailed investigations in recent years have indicated that ...

the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into a complementary RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). This process is carried out by the enzyme RNA polymerase, which binds to the promoter region of the ...

Large consortia-led projects such as ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) have made great strides in identifying various functional elements of the genome. These include enhancers, activators, and ...

The flanking regions share no homology ... G2 motifs may indicate that G2-facilitated DNA bending abets interactions between proteins binding to the promoter. The G2 motif is absent from the ...